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Privacy International believes that online behavioural targeting for online commercial advertising using the technology of Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) is a dangerous and potentially unlawful technique that is fraught with unethical practice. This industry extends across multiple models and strategies including the use of Deep Packet Inspection, Flash Cookies, Tracking Cookies and other emerging technologies. We believe that, particularly in the long term, the threat arising from these technologies is of such gravity that commercial organisations must not be permitted to adopt Opt-Out solutions. Without care, industry will within three years adopt a default opt-out platform upon which can be built a limitless spectrum of intrusive technologies. Governments need to legislate in a way that protects the rights of the general public. From any ethical standpoint such interception of web traffic must be conditional on the basis of explicit and informed consent. We are concerned that almost all the major online commercial players worldwide are moving in this direction. This is not a model that will be limited to issues such as Deep Packet Inspection that has raised concerns in the UK. With Cloud Computing, 3g and 4g Mobile technologies and Public Wifi Networks the issue extends into all markets involved in data communications and increasingly voice communications due to the global take up of Voice Over IP. It is critical that we set the bar now, whilst these technologies are still developing, in order to prepare for the future. There is an urgent need for the EU and US Congress to recognise that the entire online economy is shifting its business models in the direction of communications interception, almost always at the expense of privacy rights. Seismic shifts are occurring in the online advertising market, and these shifts are polarising on both sides of an economic fault line. Furthermore, globally governments must create and fund initiatives that engage all stakeholders. Care must be made to educate people with regards to what privacy is and why privacy is so important to quality of life. Whereas the commercial sector need to behave ethically and responsibly, society as a whole need to take more responsibility and care with the way they share their personal data. For this to happen education has to play a key role. Legal protections with regard to these technologies must be enforced. Where organisations can be shown to have acted unlawfully action must be taken. The lack of action against BT Group in the UK with regard to covert trials of Deep Packet Inspection must never be repeated. Corporations which act unlawfully must be prosecuted. We are deeply concerned that in the next eighteen months mobile companies will be moving in this direction too, a shift that encompasses even greater privacy threats because these companies can also merge account, associative, communications and location data with browsing habits. Privacy International is further concerned about the systematic erosion of rights, and in particular the abandonment of rights reform in the developing countries. We call on governments to work on establishing a global standard that promotes opt-in and which outlaws the thousands of rogue companies that exploit personal information without regard to rights. To this end, we are pleased to announce a new addition to our team. Alexander Hanff, a social scientist and technologist who has led a long campaign against the use of Deep Packet Inspection for behavioural advertising models in the UK, will be taking the lead for Privacy International on these issues.